Ping Labz

MSTP (802.1s) maps many VLANs onto a few spanning tree instances. How MST regions, instances, the IST and CIST work, with Cisco IOS XE config and verification.

How to build a working QoS policy on a Cisco router: MQC class maps, policy maps, the LLQ + CBWFQ model, and the shaper rule that makes it actually engage.

BGP weight is the first tiebreaker in the path-selection algorithm, set locally and never propagated. The three ways to set it, how it compares to LOCAL_PREF, and worked examples.