Ping Labz

RSTP (802.1w) explained: the new port roles, three-state model, proposal/agreement handshake, Rapid-PVST+ vs MST, and the real show spanning-tree output.

The two ways to route between VLANs on Cisco: SVIs on an L3 switch and router-on-a-stick. Real IOS XE config for both, the performance gap, and the gotchas.

A decision framework for migrating from MPLS L3VPN to SD-WAN: what's different, when to migrate, the 7-step transition that works, and when the right answer is to stay.