Ping Labz

BGP weight is the first tiebreaker in the path-selection algorithm, set locally and never propagated. The three ways to set it, how it compares to LOCAL_PREF, and worked examples.

End-to-end QoS for VoIP across an MPLS L3VPN: DSCP marking, the LLQ + CBWFQ policy at the CE edge, and the DSCP-to-MPLS-EXP mapping the carrier needs.

OSPF cost explained: the formula, the default reference bandwidth that breaks at 1 Gbps and above, manual overrides per interface, ECMP, and the misconfigurations to avoid.