Blog

QoS Queueing, Policing, and Shaping Compared
QoS

QoS Queueing, Policing, and Shaping Compared

LLQ, CBWFQ, policing, and shaping each do something different. The three primitives, when to use which, hierarchical shaping for sub-rate WAN handoffs, and the production patterns.
QoS Classification, Marking, and Trust Boundaries
QoS

QoS Classification, Marking, and Trust Boundaries

Classification and marking at the trust boundary are the foundation of every QoS deployment. The patterns (untrusted access ports, conditional trust for IP phones, explicit MQC marking) and the discipline that makes them work.
DSCP and IP Precedence Explained Byte by Byte
QoS

DSCP and IP Precedence Explained Byte by Byte

DSCP is the 6-bit Layer 3 marking that drives modern QoS. The byte format, the standardized PHBs (CS, AF, EF), Cisco's DSCP-to-CoS-to-MPLS-EXP mapping, and trust boundary discipline.
SD-WAN Security and the SASE Convergence
SD-WAN

SD-WAN Security and the SASE Convergence

SD-WAN provides encryption and segmentation but creates an inspection gap. SASE fills that gap with cloud-delivered SWG, CASB, FWaaS, ZTNA, and DLP. The 2026 vendor landscape compared.
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